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? semiconductor components industries, llc, 2005 may, 2005 ? rev. 6 1 publication order number: ncp1086/d ncp1086 1.5 a adjustable and 3.3 v fixed output linear regulator the ncp1086 linear regulator provides 1.5 a at 3.3 v or adjustable output voltage. the adjustable output voltage device uses two external resistors to set the output voltage within a 1.25 v to 5.5 v range. the regulators is intended for use as post regulator and microprocessor supply. the fast loop response and low dropout voltage make this regulator ideal for applications where low voltage operation and good transient response are important. the circuit is designed to operate with dropout voltages less than 1.4 v at 1.5 a output current. device protection includes overcurrent and thermal shutdown. this device is pin compatible with lt1086 family of linear regulators and has lower dropout voltage. the regulators are available in to?220?3, surface mount d 2 pak?3, and sot?223 packages. features ? output current to 1.5 a ? output accuracy to 1% over temperature ? dropout voltage (typical) 1.05 v @ 1.5 a ? fast transient response ? fault protection circuitry ? current limit ? thermal shutdown ? pb?free packages are available 5.0 v v in v out adj ncp1086 10 f 5.0 v 124 1.0% 200 1.0% 22 f 5.0 v 3.3 v @ 1.5 a v in v out gnd ncp1086 10 f 5.0 v 22 f 5.0 v 3.3 v @ 1.5 a figure 1. application diagram, adjustable output figure 2. application diagram, 3.3 v fixed output sot?223 st suffix case 318e to?220?3 t suffix case 221a ta b = v out pin 1. adj 2. v out 3. v in 1 2 3 adjustable output 3.3 v fixed output ta b = v out pin 1. gnd 2. v out 3. v in see general marking information in the device marking section on page 10 of this data sheet. device marking information 1 2 3 http://onsemi.com d 2 pak?3 dp suffix case 418ab 1 2 3 see detailed ordering and shipping information in the package dimensions section on page 9 of this data sheet. ordering information
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 2 maximum ratings* parameter value unit supply voltage, v cc 7.0 v operating temperature range ?40 to +70 c junction temperature 150 c storage temperature range ?60 to +150 c lead temperature soldering: wave solder (through hole styles only) note 1 reflow (smd styles only) note 2 260 peak 230 peak c esd damage threshold 2.0 kv maximum ratings are those values beyond which device damage can occur. maximum ratings applied to the device are individual str ess limit values (not normal operating conditions) and are not valid simultaneously. if these limits are exceeded, device functional operation i s not implied, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. 1. 10 second maximum. 2. 60 second maximum above 183 c. electrical characteristics (c in = 10 f, c out = 22 f tantalum, v out + v dropout < v in < 7.0 v, 0 c t a 70 c, t j +150 c, unless otherwise specified, i full load = 1.5 a.) characteristic test conditions min typ max unit adjustable output voltage reference voltage (notes 3 and 4) v in ? v out = 1.5 v; v adj = 0 v, 10 ma i out 1.5 a 1.241 (?1%) 1.254 1.266 (+1%) v line regulation 1.5 v v in ? v out 5.75 v; i out = 10 ma ? 0.02 0.2 % load regulation (notes 3 and 4) v in ? v out = 1.5 v; 10 ma i out 1.5 a ? 0.04 0.4 % dropout voltage (note 5) i out = 1.5 a ? 1.05 1.4 v current limit v in ? v out = 3.0 v; t j 25 c 1.6 3.1 ? a minimum load current (note 6) v in = 7.0 v; v adj = 0 ? 0.6 2.0 ma adjust pin current v in ? v out = 3.0 v; i out = 10 ma ? 50 100 a thermal regulation (note 7) 30 ms pulse; t a = 25 c ? 0.002 0.02 %/w ripple rejection (note 7) f = 120 hz; i out = 1.5 a; v in ? v out = 3.0 v; v ripple = 1.0 v p?p ? 80 ? db thermal shutdown (note 8) ? 150 180 210 c thermal shutdown hysteresis (note 8) ? ? 25 ? c fixed output voltage output voltage (notes 3 and 4) v in ? v out = 1.5 v, 0 i out 1.5 a 3.25 (?1.5%) 3.3 3.35 (+1.5%) v line regulation 2.0 v v in ? v out 3.7 v; i out = 10 ma ? 0.02 0.2 % load regulation (notes 3 and 4) v in ? v out = 2.0 v; 10 ma i out 1.5 a ? 0.04 0.4 % dropout voltage (note 5) i out = 1.5 a ? 1.05 1.4 v current limit v in ? v out = 3.0 v 1.6 3.1 ? a quiescent current i out = 10 ma ? 5.0 10 ma thermal regulation (note 7) 30 ms pulse; t a = 25 c ? 0.002 0.02 %/w 3. load regulation and output voltage are measured at a constant junction temperature by low duty cycle pulse testing. changes i n output voltage due to thermal gradients or temperature changes must be taken into account separately. 4. specifications apply for an external kelvin sense connection at a point on the output pin 1/4? from the bottom of the package . 5. dropout voltage is a measurement of the minimum input/output differential at full load. 6. the minimum load current is the minimum current required to maintain regulation. normally the current in the resistor divider used to set the output voltage is selected to meet the minimum requirement. 7. guaranteed by design, not 100% tested in production. 8. thermal shutdown is 100% functionally tested in production.
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 3 electrical characteristics (continued) (c in = 10 f, c out = 22 f tantalum, v out + v dropout < v in < 7.0 v, 0 c t a 70 c, t j +150 c, unless otherwise specified, i full load = 1.5 a.) characteristic test conditions min typ max unit fixed output voltage (continued) ripple rejection (note 9) f = 120 hz; i out = 1.5 a; v in ? v out = 3.0 v; v ripple = 1.0 v p?p ? 80 ? db thermal shutdown (note 10) ? 150 180 210 c thermal shutdown hysteresis (note 10) ? ? 25 ? c 9. guaranteed by design, not 100% tested in production. 10. thermal shutdown is 100% functionally tested in production. package pin description, adjustable output package pin number d 2 pak?3 to?220?3 sot?223 pin symbol function 1 1 1 adj adjust pin (low side of the internal reference). 2 2 2 v out regulated output voltage (case). 3 3 3 v in input voltage. package pin description, 3.3 v fixed output package pin number d 2 pak?3 to?220?3 sot?223 pin symbol function 1 1 1 gnd ground connection. 2 2 2 v out regulated output voltage (case). 3 3 3 v in input voltage. + ? thermal shutdown bandgap output current limit error amplifier v out adj v in + ? thermal shutdown bandgap output current limit error amplifier v out gnd v in figure 3. block diagram, adjustable output figure 4. block diagram, 3.3 v fixed output
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 4 typical performance characteristics figure 5. dropout voltage vs. output current 0 t j ( c) figure 6. reference voltage vs. temperature output voltage deviation (%) 0.10 0.08 0.04 0.00 ?0.04 ?0.08 ?0.12 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 13 0 0 temperature ( c) figure 7. adjust pin current vs. temperature (adjustable output) adjust pin current ( a) 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 20 40 60 80 100 120 i o = 10ma 0 300 i out (ma) v drop out (v) 0.75 t case = 125 c t case = 25 c t case = 0 c 600 900 1200 1500 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05 v in ? v out (v) i sc (a) 4.0 3.1 2.7 1.9 1.5 2.3 1.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 6.0 7 .0 3.5 figure 8. short circuit current vs v in ? v out figure 9. transient response (adjustable output) figure 10. transient response (3.3 v fixed outpu t) time, s load step (ma) 3.0 200 0 1.0 2.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10 voltage deviation (mv) 100 0 ?120 0 ?200 1500 750 0 time, s load step (ma) 3.0 200 0 1.0 2.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 1 0 voltage deviation (mv) 100 0 ?120 0 ?200 1500 750 0 v out = 3.3 v c out = c in = 22 f tantalum c out = c in = 22 f tantalum
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 5 t case = 0 c figure 11. ripple rejection vs. frequency (adjustable output) 0 output current (a) output voltage deviation, (%) 0.100 t case = 125 c t case = 25 c 1.0 2.0 0.075 0.050 0.025 0 v in ? v out (v) minimum load current (ma) 4.0 0.60 0.55 0.45 0.40 0.65 0.50 1.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 6.0 7 .0 t case = 25 c t case = 125 c t case = 0 c 10 1 frequency (hz) ripple rejection (db) 85 75 65 55 45 35 25 15 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 1 frequency (hz) ripple rejection (db) 85 75 65 55 45 35 25 15 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 figure 12. ripple rejection vs. frequency (3.3 v fixed output) figure 13. load regulation vs. output current (adjustable output) figure 14. minimum load current vs v in ? v out (adjustable output) t case = 25 c i out = 6a (v in ? v out = 3v) v ripple = 1.6v pp c adj = 0.1 f t case = 25 c i out = 6a (v in ? v out = 3v) v ripple = 1.6v pp c in = c out = 22 f tantalum applications information the ncp1086 voltage regulator series provides adjustable and 3.3 v output voltages at currents up to 1.5 a. the regulator is protected against overcurrent conditions and includes thermal shutdown. the ncp1086 series has a composite pnp?npn output transistor and requires an output capacitor for stability. a detailed procedure for selecting this capacitor is included in the stability considerations section. adjustable operation the adjustable output device has an output voltage range of 1.25 v to 5.5 v. an external resistor divider sets the output voltage as shown in figure 15. the regulator maintains a fixed 1.25 v (typical) reference between the output pin and the adjust pin. a resistor divider network r1 and r2 causes a fixed current to flow to ground. this current creates a voltage across r2 that adds to the 1.25 v across r1 and sets the overall output voltage. the adjust pin current (typically 50 a) also flows through r2 and adds a small error that should be ta ken into account if precise adjustment of v out is necessary. the output voltage is set according to the formula: v out v ref r1 r2 r1 i adj r2 the term i adj r2 represents the error added by the adjust pin current.
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 6 r1 is chosen so that the minimum load current is at least 2.0 ma. r1 and r2 should be the same type, e.g. metal film for best tracking over temperature. i adj figure 15. resistor divider scheme v ref r 2 r 1 c 2 v out v in c 1 v in v out adj ncp1086 the adjustable output linear regulator has an absolute maximum specification of 7.0 v for the voltage difference between v in and v out . however, the ic may be used to regulate voltages in excess of 7.0 v. the main considerations in such a design are powerup and short circuit capability. in most applications, ramp?up of the power supply to v in is fairly slow, typically on the order of several tens of milliseconds, while the regulator responds in less than one microsecond. in this case, the linear regulator begins charging the load as soon as the v in to v out differential is large enough that the pass transistor conducts current. the load at this point is essentially at ground, and the supply voltage is on the order of several hundred mv, with the result that the pass transistor is in dropout. as the supply to v in increases, the pass transistor will remain in dropout, and current is passed to the load until v out reaches the point at which the ic is in regulation. further increase in the supply voltage brings the pass transistor out of dropout. the result is that the output voltage follows the power supply ramp?up, staying in dropout until the regulation point is reached. in this manner, any output voltage may be regulated. there is no theoretical limit to the regulated voltage as long as the v in to v out differential of 7.0 v is not exceeded. however, the possibility of destroying the ic in a short circuit condition is very real for this type of design. short circuit conditions will result in the immediate operation of the pass transistor outside of its safe operating area. overvoltage stresses will then cause destruction of the pass transistor before overcurrent or thermal shutdown circuitry can become active. additional circuitry may be required to clamp the v in to v out differential to less than 7.0 v if fail?safe operation is required. one possible clamp circuit is illustrated in figure 16; however, the design of clamp circuitry must be done on an application by application basis. care must be taken to ensure the clamp actually protects the design. components used in the clamp design must be able to withstand the short circuit condition indefinitely while protecting the ic. figure 16. short circuit protection circuit for high voltage application v in v out adj ncp1086 v out external supply stability considerations the output or compensation capacitor helps determine three main characteristics of a linear regulator: startup delay, load transient response and loop stability. the capacitor value and type is based on cost, availability, size and temperature constraints. a tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor is best, since a film or ceramic capacitor with almost zero esr can cause instability. the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the least expensive solution. however, when the circuit operates at low temperatures, both the value and esr of the capacitor will vary considerably. the capacitor manufacturers? data sheet provides this information. a 22 f tantalum capacitor will work for most applications, but with high current regulators such as the ncp1086 series the transient response and stability improve with higher values of capacitance. the majority of applications for this regulator involve large changes in load current, so the output capacitor must supply the instantaneous load current. the esr of the output capacitor causes an immediate drop in output voltage given by: v i esr for microprocessor applications it is customary to use an output capacitor network consisting of several tantalum and ceramic capacitors in parallel. this reduces the overall esr and reduces the instantaneous output voltage drop under load transient conditions. the output capacitor network should be as close as possible to the load for the best results.
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 7 protection diodes when large external capacitors are used with a linear regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes. if the input voltage of the regulator gets shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. the discharge current depends on the value of the capacitor, the output voltage and the rate at which v in drops. in the ncp1086 series linear regulator, the discharge path is through a large junction and protection diodes are not usually needed. if the regulator is used with large values of output capacitance and the input voltage is instantaneously shorted to ground, damage can occur. in this case, a diode connected as shown in figure 17 or figure 18 is recommended. figure 17. protection diode scheme for large output capacitors (adjustable output) c 2 v out v in c 1 v in v out adj ncp1086 in4002 (optional) r 1 r 2 figure 18. protection diode scheme for large output capacitors (3.3 v fixed output) c 2 v out v in c 1 v in v out gnd ncp1086 in4002 (optional) output voltage sensing since the ncp1086 is a three terminal regulator, it is not possible to provide true remote load sensing. load regulation is limited by the resistance of the conductors connecting the regulator to the load. for best results the fixed output regulator should be connected as shown in figure 19. figure 19. conductor parasitic resistance effects can be minimized with the above grounding scheme for fixed output regulators v in v in v out ncp1086 conductor parasitic resistance r load r c for the adjustable regulator, the best load regulation occurs when r1 is connected directly to the output pin of the regulator as shown in figure 20. if r1 is connected to the load, r c is multiplied by the divider ratio and the effective resistance between the regulator and the load becomes r c r1 r2 r1 where r c = conductor parasitic resistance. figure 20. grounding scheme for the adjustable output regulator to minimize parasitic resistance effects v in v in v out adj ncp1086 conductor parasitic resistance r 1 r load r 2 r c calculating power dissipation and heatsink requirements the ncp1086 linear regulator includes thermal shutdown and current limit circuitry to protect the device. high power regulators such as these usually operate at high junction temperatures so it is important to calculate the power dissipation and junction temperatures accurately to ensure that an adequate heatsink is used.
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 8 the case is connected to v out , and electrical isolation may be required for some applications. thermal compound should always be used with high current regulators such as these. the thermal characteristics of an ic depend on the following four factors: 1. maximum ambient temperature t a ( c) 2. power dissipation p d (w) 3. maximum junction temperature t j ( c) 4. thermal resistance junction to ambient r ja ( c/w) these four are related by the equation t j t a p d r ja (eq. 1) the maximum ambient temperature and the power dissipation are determined by the design while the maximum junction temperature and the thermal resistance depend on the manufacturer and the package type. the maximum power dissipation for a regulator is: p d(max) { v in(max) v out(min) } i out(max) v in(max) i q (eq. 2) where: v in(max) is the maximum input voltage, v out(min) is the minimum output voltage, i out(max) is the maximum output current, for the application i q is the maximum quiescent current at i out(max) . a heatsink effectively increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away from the ic and into the surrounding air. each material in the heat flow path between the ic and the outside environment has a thermal resistance. like series electrical resistances, these resistances are summed to determine r ja , the total thermal resistance between the junction and the surrounding air. 1. thermal resistance of the junction to case, r jc ( c/w) 2. thermal resistance of the case to heatsink, r cs ( c/w) 3. thermal resistance of the heatsink to the ambient air, r sa ( c/w) these are connected by the equation: r ja r jc r cs r sa (eq. 3) the value for r ja is calculated using equation 3 and the result can be substituted in equation 1. the value for r jc is 3.5 c/w. for a high current regulator such as the ncp1086 the majority of the heat is generated in the power transistor section. the value for r sa depends on the heatsink type, while r cs depends on factors such as package type, heatsink interface (is an insulator and thermal grease used?), and the contact area between the heatsink and the package. once these calculations are complete, the maximum permissible value of r ja can be calculated and the proper heatsink selected. for further discussion on heatsink selection, see application note ?thermal management,? document number and8036/d via our website at www.onsemi.com.
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 9 ordering information device type package shipping ? ncp1086d2t?adj d 2 pak 50 units/rail ncp1086d2t?adjr4 d 2 pak ncp1086d2tadjr4g d 2 pak (pb?free) 750 tape & reel ncp1086st?adjt3 adjustable sot?223 ncp1086st?adjt3g adjustable sot?223 (pb?free) 2500 tape & reel ncp1086t?adj to220 ncp1086t?adjg to220 (pb?free) 50 units/rail ncp1086d2t?033 d 2 pak 50 units/rail ncp1086d2t?33r4 d 2 pak ncp1086d2t?33r4g d 2 pak (pb?free) 750 tape & reel ncp1086st?33t3 3.3 v sot?223 ncp1086st?33t3g 3.3 v sot?223 (pb?free) 2500 tape & reel ncp1086t?033 to220 ncp1086t?033g to220 (pb?free) 50 units/rail ?for information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our tape and reel packaging specifications brochure, brd8011/d.
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 10 marking diagrams ncp1086?a awlyww 1 a = assembly location wl, l = wafer lot yy, y = year ww, w = work week ayw 086?a 1 ncp1086?a awlyww 1 d 2 pak?3 d2t suffix case 418ab sot?223 st suffix case 318e to?220?3 t suffix case 221a 1086?33 awlyww 1 to?220?3 t suffix case 221a 1086?33 awlyww 1 d 2 pak?3 d2t suffix case 418ab ayw 08633 1 sot?223 st suffix case 318e 3.3 v fixed output adjustable output
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 11 package dimensions to?220?3 t suffix case 221a?08 issue aa notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. a k l g d n h q f 123 4 ?t? seating plane s r j u t c 3 pl ?b? ?y? m b m 0.25 (0.010) y dim min max min max millimeters inches a 0.560 0.625 14.23 15.87 b 0.380 0.420 9.66 10.66 c 0.140 0.190 3.56 4.82 d 0.025 0.035 0.64 0.89 f 0.139 0.155 3.53 3.93 g 0.100 bsc 2.54 bsc h ??? 0.280 ??? 7.11 j 0.012 0.045 0.31 1.14 k 0.500 0.580 12.70 14.73 l 0.045 0.060 1.15 1.52 n 0.200 bsc 5.08 bsc q 0.100 0.135 2.54 3.42 r 0.080 0.115 2.04 2.92 s 0.020 0.055 0.51 1.39 t 0.235 0.255 5.97 6.47 u 0.000 0.050 0.00 1.27 v v 0.045 ??? 1.15 ???
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 12 package dimensions d 2 pak?3 case 418ab?01 issue o notes: 1. dimensions and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. 3. package outline exclusive of mold flash and metal burrs. 4. package outline inclusive of plating thickness. 5. foot length measured at intercept point between datum a and lead surface. a c b s k e m p n d g h w r ?a? u v terminal 4 dim min max min max millimeters inches a 0.396 0.406 10.05 10.31 b 0.330 0.340 8.38 8.64 c 0.170 0.180 4.31 4.57 d 0.026 0.036 0.66 0.91 e 0.045 0.055 1.14 1.40 g 0.100 ref 2.54 ref h 0.580 0.620 14.73 15.75 k 0.055 0.066 1.40 1.68 l 0.000 0.010 0.00 0.25 m 0.098 0.108 2.49 2.74 n 0.017 0.023 0.43 0.58 p 0.090 0.110 2.29 2.79 r 0 8 s 0.095 0.105 2.41 2.67 u 0.30 ref 7.62 ref v 0.305 ref 7.75 ref w 0.010 0.25 0 8 l
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 13 package dimensions h s f a b d g l 4 123 0.08 (0003) c m k j dim a min max min max millimeters 0.249 0.263 6.30 6.70 inches b 0.130 0.145 3.30 3.70 c 0.060 0.068 1.50 1.75 d 0.024 0.035 0.60 0.89 f 0.115 0.126 2.90 3.20 g 0.087 0.094 2.20 2.40 h 0.0008 0.0040 0.020 0.100 j 0.009 0.014 0.24 0.35 k 0.060 0.078 1.50 2.00 l 0.033 0.041 0.85 1.05 m 0 10 0 10 s 0.264 0.287 6.70 7.30 notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing per ansi y14.5m, 1982. 2. controlling dimension: inch. sot?223 st suffix case 318e?04 issue k 1.5 0.059 mm inches scale 6:1 3.8 0.15 2.0 0.079 6.3 0.248 2.3 0.091 2.3 0.091 2.0 0.079 soldering footprint* *for additional information on our pb?free strategy and soldering details, please download the on semiconductor soldering and mounting techniques reference manual, solderrm/d. package thermal data parameter to?220?3 d 2 pak?3 sot?223 unit r jc typical 3.5 3.5 15 c/w r ja typical 50 10?50* 156 c/w * depending on thermal properties of substrate. r ja = r jc + r ca
ncp1086 http://onsemi.com 14 on semiconductor and are registered trademarks of semiconductor components industries, llc (scillc). scillc reserves the right to mak e changes without further notice to any products herein. scillc makes no warranty, r epresentation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for an y particular purpose, nor does scillc assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including wi thout limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. ?typical? parameters which may be provided in scillc data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different application s and actual performance may vary over time. all operating parameters, including ?typicals? must be validated for each customer application by customer?s technical experts. scillc does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. scillc products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the scillc product could create a sit uation where personal injury or death may occur. should buyer purchase or use scillc products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, buyer shall indemnify and hold scillc and its of ficers, employees, subsidiaries, af filiates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, direct ly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that scillc was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. scillc is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. this literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner. publication ordering information n. american technical support : 800?282?9855 toll free usa/canada japan : on semiconductor, japan customer focus center 2?9?1 kamimeguro, meguro?ku, tokyo, japan 153?0051 phone : 81?3?5773?3850 npc1086/d literature fulfillment : literature distribution center for on semiconductor p.o. box 61312, phoenix, arizona 85082?1312 usa phone : 480?829?7710 or 800?344?3860 toll free usa/canada fax : 480?829?7709 or 800?344?3867 toll free usa/canada email : orderlit@onsemi.com on semiconductor website : http://onsemi.com order literature : http://www.onsemi.com/litorder for additional information, please contact your local sales representative.

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